Question

1. True of False: rRNA refers to regular RNA.

2. Describe transcription and its role in the central dogma of molecular biology.

Answer the question using complete sentences.

Answer 1

1. Answer;

The statement is False

Step-by-step explanation;

• rRNA refers to ribosomal RNA.
• rRNA is a type of RNA (ribonucleic acid). Ribosomal RNA, together with ribosomal proteins makes up the ribosomes, the organelles that are responsible for the process of translation.
• Ribosomes, carries out the process of translation, which transfers the information contained in the messenger RNA to make proteins, with the help of transfer RNA, tRNA.

2. Answer and explanation;

• Central Dogma is the theory that describes protein building in the order; DNA to RNA to protein.
• DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to protein. Protein is never back-translated to RNA or DNA; DNA is never directly translated to protein.
• Transcription is the process by which a DNA sequence of a gene is transcribed or copied to make an RNA molecule. The reaction is catalyzed by RNA polymerase.
• The process occurs in the nucleus of organisms in eukaryotes and in the cytoplasm for prokaryotes. It makes an mRNA copy of DNA instructions to allow the instructions to leave the nucleus.

Answer 2

Ans.1. False.

RNA or ribonucleic molecules are polymer of nucleotide molecules that perform various functions in a cell. rRNA is referred as ribosomal RNA and are involved in synthesis of ribosomes along with proteins. Ribosomes are described as molecular factory for protein synthesis, hence, rRNA plays an important role in protein synthesis.

Thus, given statement is false.

Ans.2.

Transcription is defined as a process, by which a parental DNA molecule gets transcribed into a RNA molecule with the help of RNA polymerase enzyme. The RNA molecule is then, translated into a specific polypeptide chain or protein.

According to central dogma of molecular biology, genetic information flows from a DNA molecule to a protein. During this, first step includes transcription (formation of RNA from DNA) and second step includes translation (formation of protein form RNA).

Thus, transcription plays an important role in the central dogma of molecular biology.