- centered on Rome: Roman empire
- centered on Constantinople: Byzantine empire
- greek was the official language: Byzantine empire
- latin was the official language: Roman Empire
- eastern orthodox church: Byzantine empire
- roman catholic church: Roman empire
There are differences between the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. The Roman Empire was established in 27 BC until 5th century AD when the Byzantine Empire emerged. In the Roman Empire, the official language was Latin whereas in the Byzantine Empire, the official language was Greek. As regards locations, the Roman Empire was centered on Rome and the Byzantine Empire was centered on Constantinople. And finally, as regards religion, the Roman Empire was identified with the Roman Catholic Church and the Byzantine Empire was identified with the Eastern Orthodox Church.