Territorial expansion would be closely related to immigration. Thanks to the European demographic contributions, the conquest of the West could be undertaken. But this expansion had a serious demographic consequence, since it supposed the decline of the indigenous populations, shut in reserves, after a hard and cruel confrontation. On the other hand, the black population grew during the 19th century, although not in relative terms, since in the total population the percentage of this population decreased due to its lower standard of living, which caused a higher mortality rate.
On the other hand, the large settlers were the maximum beneficiaries, since they obtained the benefits of the land.