Question

This country severely restricted the rights of its nonwhite citizens under a policy called apartheid, but since 1994 has made progress towards equality.

Answer 1

Apartheid is specifically associated with South Africa - when there is a question mentioning this word, it's very likely that it's connected to this country. South Africa is also the correct answer here. Apartheid ended in 1994 and 1997 is the year when the new Constitution came into power.