Connotations
The suggestions or implications associated with a word in addition to its literal meanings.
Anglicize
To make a borrowed word resemble English in pronunciation, spelling, or form
Etymology
The history of a word traced through changes in meaning and form to the earliest form of the word.
Archaic word
A word no longer in common use but retained in a language because it preserves the flavor of a period
Loan word
A word borrowed from another language, sometimes altered to fit the sounds or structure of the new language.