Final answer:
The correct statements are that a staircase is an example of an inclined plane, a machine's power depends on its work rate, and the force exerted by a machine on an object is the output force. The incorrect statements involve misconceptions about fulcrums, work during swimming, and the mechanical advantage of all machines.
Step-by-step explanation:
When sorting the statements about machines, it's important to consider the principles of physics as they apply to simple machines. Here's the sorted list:
Correct Statements:
A staircase is an example of an inclined plane.A machine’s power depends on how fast the machine is able to do work. The force exerted by a machine on an object that’s lifted or moved is the output force.
Incorrect Statements:
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- All simple machines have a fulcrum. (This is incorrect because not all simple machines, such as inclined planes, require a fulcrum.)
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- When a person swims through water, no work is done. (This is incorrect because work is done when force is applied over a distance, which is the case when swimming.)
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- All machines have a mechanical advantage of 1 or more than 1. (While many simple machines have an MA greater than 1, some machines, like certain pulley systems, can have an MA of less than 1.)
It's crucial to understand that mechanical advantage is the ratio of output to input force magnitudes for any simple machine, and it is a critical concept in determining the effectiveness of a machine. The concept of work also plays a significant role, as it is related to both the force applied and the distance over which it is applied.