Question

Put the steps of transcription in order from 1-6

1. An enzyme attaches to the DNA molecule at the gene if interest.

2. The two strands of DNA separate at that location.

3. The chain of RNA nucleotides forms a single-stranded molecule of RNA by using the DNA strand as a template.

4. When a stop codons is reached, the RNA strand separates from the DNA molecule, leaves the nucleus, and goes through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm.

5. Complementary RNA nucleotides bond to the nitrogenous bases on one of the separated DNA strands.

6. The two DNA strands rejoin.

Answer 1

The correct order would be

1. An enzyme (RNA polymerase) binds to the parent DNA molecule or gene of interest.

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2. The double stranded-DNA gets separated at the location where the enzyme attaches.

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3. RNA nucleotides, complementary to nucleotides present in the parent DNA molecule, make bonds with the bases on a leading strand of the DNA.

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4. The RNA nucleotide chain forms an SS RNA (single-stranded RNA) molecule with the use of a DNA strand as a template.

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5. When a stop codon is reached, the RNA strand gets separated from the parent DNA molecule, leaves the nucleus, and enters the cytoplasm.

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6. During the final step, the separated strands of DNA rejoin.

The process transcription can be divided into three main steps:

Initiation: RNA polymerase associates with the promoter region of the gene of interest. It results in the separation of two strands of the DNA which forms the transcription bubble.

Elongation: RNA polymerase forms the RNA polymer on the template strand of the DNA. The RNA nucleotides based on the complementarity of template strand forms a single-stranded RNA molecule.

Termination: As soon as the RNA polymerase reaches the termination sequence of the template strand, it dissociates from the DNA resulting in the termination of the transcription.

Consequently, the newly synthesized RNA molecule is separated and the DNA rejoin.

Answer 2

Transcription is a process of formation of mRNA ( messenger RNA) from a template of DNA.

In this process, first an enzymes attaches to DNA molecule at the gene of interest that results in separation of two strands of DNA so that template strand is exposed. Complementary RNA nucleotides bond to the nitrogenous bases on one of the separated DNA strands.The chain of RNA nucleotides forms a single-stranded molecule of RNA by using the DNA strand as a template. When a stop codons is reached, the RNA strand separates from the DNA molecule, leaves the nucleus, and goes through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm. Finally, the two DNA strands rejoin.

Thus, correct order of transcription is-

1. An enzyme attaches to the DNA molecule at the gene if interest.

2. The two strands of DNA separate at that location.

3. Complementary RNA nucleotides bond to the nitrogenous bases on one of the separated DNA strands.

4. The chain of RNA nucleotides forms a single-stranded molecule of RNA by using the DNA strand as a template.

5. When a stop codons is reached, the RNA strand separates from the DNA molecule, leaves the nucleus, and goes through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm.

6. The two DNA strands rejoin.