Answer:
Choice "A) A vertical transformation of 3 units upward" is correct.
Explanation:
Given functions are f(x) = |x| and g(x) = |x| + 3
Now question is asking about what transformation is applied to get g(x) from f(x).
To find that transformation, compare both functions f(x) = |x| and g(x) = |x| +3.
We see that only difference is of +3.
Remember that when any number say "k" is added to f(x) then f(x)+k results in vertical transformation of "k" units upward.
So "A) A vertical transformation of 3 units upward" will be correct choice.