The United Nations and the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) were created because of WWII. The United Nations was established in 1945 in order to encourage international cooperation among its members and to work in favour of resolving conflict. It replaced the League of Nations which had been founded in 1919, since it had failed to prevent the Second World War (1939-1945). Besides, the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was a cooperative-security organization created in 1949 by the US, Canada and many Western European nations. This organization intended to secure peace, to promote cooperation among its members and to guard their freedom against any possible threat of the Soviet Union.