Question

James was walking down the road when a large animal jumped out in front of him. James was startled and experienced a fast heart rate and heavy breathing. Which statement best describes James’s condition in such a situation?

1.The adrenal gland secreted aldosterone, increasing sodium absorption, which increased the heart rate and breathing.

2.The adrenal gland secreted epinephrine, increasing blood pressure, which increased the heart rate and breathing.

3.The adrenal gland secreted androgens, stimulating calcium absorption, which increased the heart rate and breathing.

4.The adrenal gland secreted cortisol, increasing glucose absorption, which increased the heart rate and breathing.

Answer 1

Answer: “The adrenal gland secreted epinephrine, increasing blood pressure, which increased the heart rate and breathing.”

Epinephrine is more commonly known as adrenaline. It is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that are released into the bloodstreams during strong emotions of fear or anger. It caused an increase in heart rate and heavy breathing for James.