Answer:
1. Copernicus - movement of planets around the sun
2. da Vinci - flying machine
3. Bacon - inductive reasoning
4. Descartes - deductive reasoning
Step-by-step explanation:
All of this great scientist made important changes in the 16th and 17th Century. Copernicus theory totally changed the way how people observed the stars, planets and role of Earth - heliocentric system.
On the other side, Da Vinci made many important inventions, and among them were also the drawings of first flying machines. Descartes and Bacon as we can see had different scientific approaches.