Answer:
latent learning
Step-by-step explanation:
Their good performance demonstrates latent learning. Meaning that since the rats were allowed to wander the maze they were learning how to navigate its complicated path the more time they spent there. Once the food was introduced as a reward, the rats began demonstrating how much of the maze they learned and memorized by quickly navigating their way through it for the food. They didn't demonstrate their knowledge of the maze before because they had no motivation to do so, until the food was introduced.