Final answer:
The molecule of 2-heptanone consists of 7 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom, corresponding to option G.
Step-by-step explanation:
The compound known as 2-heptanone, which is secreted by honeybees, has a molecular formula showing the number of atoms of each element in the molecule. The prefix 'hept-' indicates that there are seven carbon atoms. The suffix '-one' indicates it has a ketone functional group, therefore has a carbonyl (C=O) group. To figure out the number of hydrogen atoms, remember that in a ketone, the carbon atom of the carbonyl group is already making two bonds with other carbon atoms (as it is situated in the middle of the carbon chain), and it has a double bond with oxygen, leaving no hydrogen attached to it. The remaining carbon atoms will typically have two hydrogen atoms each, except for the end carbon atoms, which will have three hydrogens each.
Adding it up: (2 hydrogens per central carbon * 5 central carbons) + (3 hydrogens per end carbon * 2 end carbons) + 1 oxygen (from the carbonyl group) equals 14 hydrogens and 1 oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is:
7 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom.