Final answer:
The golfer imparts a change in momentum of 1.6 kg·m/s to the golf ball, and the club applies a force of 32 Newtons over a period of 0.05 seconds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scenario describes a golfer hitting a golf ball which results in the ball changing its momentum. The mass of the ball is 50 g (which is 0.05 kg for calculations) and it leaves the fairway at a velocity of 32 m/s. To calculate the change in momentum, we use the formula:
Change in momentum (Δp) = m * Δv,
where m is mass and Δv is the change in velocity. Since the ball was initially at rest, Δv is simply its final velocity.
Δp = 0.05 kg * 32 m/s = 1.6 kg·m/s.
This is the change in momentum for the golf ball. Next, we need to find the force applied by the golf club to the ball. If the interaction time between the club and the ball is 0.05 s, the force can be calculated using Newton's second law:
F = Δp / t,
where F is the force, Δp is the change in momentum, and t is the time. Thus:
F = 1.6 kg·m/s / 0.05 s = 32 N.
Therefore, the club applies a force of 32 Newtons to the golf ball.