Final answer:
An example of a data set with an outlier is a set of distances (in kilometers) from a home to local supermarkets, where the outlier is the distance of 12.3 kilometers. The outlier affects the mean by pulling it towards itself, while the median is less affected, and the mode is unaffected.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of a data set with an outlier is a set of distances (in kilometers) from a home to local supermarkets: 1.1, 1.5, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 3.2, 3.3, 3.3, 3.5, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.5, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 5.5, 5.6, 6.5, 6.7, 12.3. The outlier in this data set is the distance of 12.3 kilometers.
An outlier affects the mean, median, and mode of the data. The mean is influenced by the outlier because it is the average of all the data points. As the outlier is significantly different from the other data points, it can pull the mean towards it. The median is not as affected by the outlier because it is the middle value when the data is sorted. However, if the outlier is the smallest or largest value, the median will be affected. The mode is the most frequently occurring value in the data set, and outliers have little to no effect on it.