Question

Refer to the passage.

"Article III. The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation.

Article IV. Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law.

Article V. Law can only prohibit such actions as are hurtful to society. Nothing may be prevented which is not forbidden by law, and no one may be forced to do anything not provided for by law.

Article VI. Law is the expression of the general will. Every citizen has a right to participate personally, or through his representative, in its foundation. It must be the same for all, whether it protects or punishes. All citizens, being equal in the eyes of the law, are equally eligible to all dignities and to all public positions and occupations, according to their abilities, and without distinction except that of their virtues and talents.”

Excerpt from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, a fundamental document of the French Revolution, 1789

The Haitian Revolution was most influenced by the Enlightenment principles reflected in the passage and by which of the following Enlightenment thinkers?

Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Jefferson
Baron de Montesquieu
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer 1

The Haitian Revolution was influenced by the Enlightenment ideals of liberty and popular sovereignty expressed in the Declaration of the Rights of Man, aligning most closely with the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Haitian Revolution was greatly influenced by the Enlightenment principles of liberty, equality, and the sovereignty of the people, as reflected in the passage from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Among the thinkers listed, Jean-Jacques Rousseau is the most aligned with these ideas. Rousseau challenged the divine right of kings and advocated for the concept that sovereignty resided in the general will of the people, an idea directly echoed in the declaration. His perspectives underpin the Haitian Revolution's fight against slavery and colonial oppression, as the revolutionaries sought to apply the ideals of equality and popular sovereignty to their own struggle for freedom and autonomy.