Answer:
Claim: Cheating exists because of incentive.
Levitt and Dubner support the claim with the reason: Sumo wrestlers who win eight or more matches earn a higher rank than those who do not. Which evidence supports this reason?
❌ A wrestler with ten victories would not throw a match because of the overall incentive to win.
✅ The actual win percentage for 7–7 wrestlers is higher than the predicted win percentage. or B.)
What counterclaim might be made against the statistical evidence in the previous question?
❌ Sumo wrestling is an ancient tradition held sacred in Japan, so it cannot be corrupted.
❌ There may be close ties between rival stables of sumo wrestlers.
✅ A 7–7 wrestler might be more motivated to win and therefore perform better. or C.)
❌ Wrestlers would not cheat because they want to win the $20,000 bonus prizes.