Answer
1. Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
As a ship captain, a company's chief executive officer steers, rights, and can sometimes sink the ship, so it's important to know a company's CEO before you buy.
2. Business Model
A business model is essentially the strategy that a company uses to maximize its profit in its industry.
3. Competitive Advantage
Sometimes called an economic moat, a competitive advantage is when a company has a leg up over its competitors through its superior products, patents, brand power, technology, or operating efficiency.
4. Revenue
Revenue is simply the raw amount of money the company made from sales of its product or service. Revenue is sometimes called a company's "top line" as it's always listed as the first line of every company's income statement.
5. Net Income
More casually called profit, earnings or "the bottom line," net income is simply the amount of money a company earned from sales after expenses and taxes have been paid. As its nickname suggests, you can find a company's net income listed on the bottom line of the company's income statement.