Learning psychologist Edward Tolman wanted to determine if mice learned a maze through trial and error or if the developed a "cognitive map" of the maze. Tolman placed a rat in the center of a circular space with 4 alternative corridors. If the rats were truly "guessing" a path, they should try each corridor an equal number of times. However, if the rats were developing a cognitive map, they should go down the far-right corridor more frequently than the others and go directly to the cheese.
Original Right
Observed 8 12
Expected 16 16
A. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?
B. Perform the analysis manually or using Excel or r.
C. Why is a Chi-Square called goodness of fit rather than a hypothesis test
D. What did Tolman find?