Answer:
d. wave shock
Explanation:
An adaptation can be defined as a phenotypic trait that makes an organism and/or species better suited to its environment, thereby this organism/species will have more chances to survive and reproduce in such conditions. Rock-dwelling aquatic animals have different ecological, morphological and behavioral adaptations to survive in this type of environment. In this regard, it is well-known that these organisms show dorsally flattened bodies, since it is one fundamental morphological adaptation which helps them to dissipate the force of the waves.