The main purpose of this type of journalism was to A. expose corruption and social problems caused by industrialization. Therefore , A. expose corruption and social problems caused by industrialization is correct .
The excerpt vividly describes the harsh and unhealthy working conditions in factories, particularly the overwhelming smell of tobacco. This depiction was likely intended to raise awareness about the negative consequences of industrialization and to advocate for reforms to improve worker safety and living standards.
Option B, "to convince readers to make healthy choices in their lives," is less likely as the focus is on exposing societal issues rather than promoting personal well-being.
Option C, "to inspire anti-immigrant feelings among the middle class," is unsupported by the text, as there is no indication of targeting or blaming immigrants for the problems described.
Option D, "to frighten people away from urban areas to reduce crowding," is also not supported, as the focus is on exposing the realities of factory work rather than discouraging urbanization.