Answer:
1. Color, Streak, Luster, Cleavage and fracture, Density, Hardness, Special properties.
2. The term luster refers to the appearance of a fresh surface of a mineral in reflected light. The two basic types of luster are metallic and non-metallic.
3. You test the hardness of a mineral by scratching its surface with a mineral of a known hardness. Mineralogists use Mohs Scale as a reference for mineral hardness. The scale lists common minerals in order of their relative hardness. You can use the minerals in the scale to test the hardness of an unknown mineral.
4. Color is also an unreliable identification clue because weathered surfaces may hide the color of minerals. For example, the golden color of iron pyrite ranges from dark yellow to black when iron pyrite is weathered. When examining a mineral for color, you should inspect only the mineral's freshly exposed surfaces.
5. Most minerals can be characterized and classified by their unique physical properties: hardness, luster, color, streak, specific gravity, cleavage, fracture, and tenacity.
6. Magnets attract minerals that contain iron. Nonsilicate minerals that contain iron are more likely to be magnetic than other nonsilicate minerals are so testing to see if a mineral is magnetic can show what an element is made of.
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