The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The way in that the Renaissance art and literature reflected the changing ideas of the time in science, philosophy, religion, and politics, was in that these new ideas of the Renaissance brought to light many different ideas that revitalized the concept of humanism and highlighted the importance of the human as a thinking creature able to think by itself, beyond the "mental chains" imposed by the religious beliefs during the dark ages of the Medieval Times.
This was a time when art, painting, sculpture, and architecture expressed a luminous work that totally contrasted with the limited and obscured works of the past.
Great artists like Michelangelo Buonarroti, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Rafael.