Answer:
a) initial outlay = -$18,000
cash flow 1= $0.80 x 900 = $720
cash flow 2= $0.80 x 900 = $720
cash flow 3= $0.80 x 900 = $720
cash flow 4= $720 + $22,500 = $23,220
NPV = -$18,000 + $720/1.12 + $720/1.12² + $720/1.12³ + $23,220/1.12⁴ = -$1,513.95
b) no, he actually earned 9.43% (IRR) on the stock. If Fred had earned 12% or more, then the NPV would be positive.