Answer:
$481,000
Step-by-step explanation:
Bond issue costs are either direct or indirect costs:
- direct costs include underwriting fees, listing fees, professional fees, compliance costs and other costs related to the IPO or APO (secondary issues), e.g printing costs
- indirect costs include underpricing costs (IPO pricing is too low) and loss of proprietary information
Total bond issue costs = $22,000 + $170,000 + $9,000 + $280,000 = $481,000