Answer:
b. A co-payment is a flat fee for each service, and co-insurance is based on a percentage of the costs incurred.
Explanation:
A co-payment can be defined as a relatively small fixed amount of money that is required to be paid by a patient (insured) to a service provider such as a health insurer (health maintenance organization-HMO) as medical expenses before receiving any other service. Some examples of co-payment are the payment of $15 for a visiting gynecologist, £5 for prescribed drugs, ¥20 for x-ray etc.
On the other hand, co-insurance can be defined as the amount of money a patient (insured) is required to pay for a claim or covered charge after a deductible have been satisfied and it is typically expressed as a percentage of the costs incurred. It is usually split between the policyholder and the insurer on a 20% to 80% basis.
Hence, the difference between a co-payment and co-insurance is that, co-payment is a flat fee for each service, and co-insurance is based on a percentage of the costs incurred.