Answer:
C. Genes are transcribed into mRNA, the mRNA is then translated into proteins, which determines specific traits.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genes are segments of the genetic material (DNA) that encodes certain products, which are heritable. In the central dogma of biology, genes are expressed via two processes viz: transcription and translation.
Transcription is the process whereby the information in genes are used to synthesize mRNA molecule, while Translation is the process whereby the mRNA molecule is used to synthesize proteins in the ribosome.
The proteins are responsible for the individual characteristics or traits possessed by living organisms. For example, MELANIN GENE is transcribed into MELANIN mRNA, which is then translated into MELANIN PROTEIN responsible for the skin colour (trait).