Question

A model of an animal cell is shown above. Eukaryotic cells, like this one, have compartmentalization that allows for efficiency in the cell processes. Identify the names, labels, and roles of three eukaryotic organelles that are involved in the transport, packaging, and export of a protein synthesized on a bound ribosome in this cell.

Answer 1

Three eukaryotic organelles that are involved in the transport, packaging, and export of a protein synthesized on a bound ribosome in this cell are -

1. Endoplasmic reticulum
2. Golgi bodies
3. Ribosomes

Explanation:

1. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - The endoplasmic reticulum ( ER) is a broad, dynamic structure that serves many cell functions, including the storage of calcium, protein synthesis and metabolism of lipids. Separate regions, consisting of tubules, sheets and the nuclear envelope, perform the diverse functions of the ER.
2. GOLGI BODIES -: A membrane bound organelle found in most cells is the golgi apparatus. Before secretion, it is responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles and thus plays a key role in the secretory pathway.
3. RIBOSOMES -: The organelles which aid in protein synthesis are ribosomes. For many cell activities, protein is necessary, such as damage repair and other chemical processes.

A ribosome is composed of two subunits:

• the small ribosomal subunits- these read the mRNA.

• The large ribosomal subunits - form amino acid polypeptide chains.

Hence , the labelled diagram of eukaryotic cell is attached below.