Final answer:
The correct answer is that all of the particles will have the same kinetic energy since the ice and water are at the same temperature, but the particles in the ice will have more potential energy due to their rigid structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
If ice and water in a glass are at the same temperature, we can examine the similarities and differences in terms of kinetic and potential energy based on kinetic molecular theory (KMT). According to KMT, temperature is a direct function of the average kinetic energy of molecules. Since the ice and water are at equilibrium temperature, the average kinetic energy of the particles will be the same in both the ice and the water. This eliminates options A and B, as they suggest that the particles in the ice have different kinetic energies from the particles in the water.
Considering the potential energy, this is where we find differences between the solid (ice) and the liquid (water) states. The molecules in ice are arranged in a fixed, rigid structure due to hydrogen bonding, which is indicative of a higher potential energy state compared to the more freely moving water molecules. This corresponds to option B which states that particles in the ice will have more potential energy than those in the water.
Moreover, when energy is transferred between ice and water at different temperatures, kinetic energy flows from the warmer substance with higher kinetic energy to the colder one with lower kinetic energy until thermal equilibrium is reached. This refutes options A and D, which mistakenly claim the transfer of kinetic energy from the ice and the increase of potential energy in the water respectively.
The correct answer is option B: All of the particles will have the same kinetic energy, but the particles in the ice will have more potential energy.