Question

A. Describe how C. parvum obtains the glucose it needs for glycolysis after it has infected another cell.

B. Explain the role of lactate dehydrogenase in enabling C. parvum to continue producing ATP by glycolysis.

C. Identify the independent variable used in the experiment.

D. Identify the difference between the control cells and the experimental cells used in the experiment.

E. Justify the use of a control in this experiment.

F. Justify the researchers using a different range of concentrations for FX11 than was used for gossypol.
G. Based on the data in Figure 1, Identify the concentration of gossypol that reduced C. parvum growth to 50% of that in control cells.
H. Researchers discovered a strain of C. parvum that expresses a functional variation of the lactate dehydrogenase gene. A DNA sequence comparison showed that the variant differs from the normal sequence in the region that codes for the enzyme’s allosteric site. Predict the effect of FX11 treatment on C. parvum that express this variant of lactase dehydrogenase.
I. Provide reasoning to support your prediction.
J. Explain how gossypol and FX11 might be used as drugs to treat C. parvum infections in humans without negatively affecting human cells.

Answer 1

A. C. parvum obtains the glucose from the host cell by the use of enzyme.

B. Lactate dehydrogenase is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate and the production of energy in the form of ATP.

E. To compare with one another.

J. gossypol and FX11 inhibit the working ability of Lactate dehydrogenase.

Step-by-step explanation:

C. parvum is a protozoa that lives as a parasite in the digestive tract of animals. They take nutrients from the cell which are present in the form of glucose. C. parvum uses a specific type of enzyme i. e. lactate dehydrogenase which is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate and also helps in the production of ATP through glycolysis process. In this process, the glucose molecule is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of water. So C. parvum takes ATP that way from the host cells.

The gossypol and FX11 are effective in controlling of C. parvum because both drugs inhibits the activity of Lactate dehydrogenase so the C. parvum die due to hunger.