Question

On a tour of African countries, Mark contracts a bad case of traveler's diarrhea. Because he can't eat very much, his body starts to use energy sources other than carbohydrates. This would result in

a. increased levels of urea in the blood.

b. ketosis and a decreased blood pH.

c. increased gluconeogenesis in the liver.

d. lipid metabolism.

e. All of the answers are correct.

Answer 1

Mark's condition leads to ketosis, decreased blood pH, increased gluconeogenesis in the liver, and lipid metabolism, with all these changes resulting in an increase in blood urea levels.

Step-by-step explanation:

Mark is experiencing a condition similar to ketosis, which happens when the body begins to use energy sources other than carbohydrates due to his inability to eat properly. This metabolic state leads to several changes in his body:

• Ketosis and a decreased blood pH: His liver will produce ketone bodies as an alternative energy source. However, if produced in excess, this can lead to ketonemia and ketonuria, which is indicative of ketosis. This condition leads to a lower pH in the blood due to the presence of acidic ketone bodies.
• Increased gluconeogenesis in the liver: In the absence of sufficient dietary carbohydrates, the body increases gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, to maintain blood glucose levels.
• Lipid metabolism: With limited access to carbohydrates, the body will turn to fats for energy, leading to increased lipid metabolism.
• Increased levels of urea in the blood: Due to the breakdown of amino acids for energy, there is an increase in the levels of urea in the blood, a waste product formed during protein metabolism.

In conclusion, the correct answer is e. All of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

e) option is correct

Step-by-step explanation:

Traveler's diarrhea is an intestinal infection that occurs as a result of eating or drinking contaminated food or water, food handlers who do not wash their hands after they use the bathroom can transmit the infection to people who consume the contaminated food

Due to diarrhea, kidney don't work properly and level of urea increases in blood

Due to the low carbohydrate intake, ketosis occurs in which stored fat is metabolized which results in build up of acids called ketones

If the body starts to use energy sources other than carbohydrates then it means it is using the stored energy, gluconeogenesis fulfills glucose requirement of cell by synthesis of glucose from non carbohydrate material

To supply with energy lipid metabolism occurs, fatty acids are oxidized and energy in the form of ATP is produced