Question

Many biological strucutres are composed of smaller units assembled into more complex structures having functions based on their structural organization. For the following complex structures, describe the smaller units, their assembely inot the larger structures, and one major function of these larger organized structures.

1. inner membrane of a mitochondria
2. an enzyme

Answer 1

The inner membrane of a mitochondria are made up of phosphoslipid bilayer just like all membranes surrounding animal cells. The bilayer is made up of hydrophobic tails which point inwards, and the hydrophilic layer pointing outwards away from the inner fluid layer. Thus entry of substances into and out of the cells cytoplasm are well regulated.

Layers of protein are embedded in the membrane to transport electron spitted from Hydrogen atoms deposited by FADH2 and NADH2 into the matrix. This set up gradient for the transport of electrons in chains called Electron Transport Chain.

The adaptive features of of inner membrane is its large surfaces areas to volume ratio to accommodate enough hydrogen ions / protons pumped by PMF, needed to set up electrochemical gradient for energy used by ATPase Synthase for ATPs production.

Enzymes are proteins. therefore the smaller units are amino Acids units are linked by polypeptides chains. Basically carboxyl group,Amino group, Hydrogen and R-group( which determines the nature of Amino Acids) are the basic functional group of Amino Acids.

Enzymes are globular proteins formed from confrontational change on the amino acids moiety ,

They are organic catalyst which speed up the rates of biochemical reactions in living organism.

Step-by-step explanation: