Answer:
Newton's Law of Gravitation states that the gravitational force ⎯⎯ between two point masses and a distance apart in a vacuum, is attractive, acts along the line joining their centres, and is proportional to the masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separations.
∝2
In the SI system, the constant of proportionality is , the gravitational constant, which has a value of 6.67×10−11Nm2kg−2, and so we may write this as,
=2
The gravitational field is the gravitational force per unit mass that would be exerted on a small (so it doesn't measurably affect the gravitational field) test mass at that point. It is a vector field, and points in the direction of the force that a small test mass would feel at that point. For a point particle of mass , the magnitude of the resultant gravitational field strength , at distance from , is
=2
The gravitational force acting on a mass , which is also sometimes described as its weight in the gravitational field ⎯⎯, is given by:
⎯⎯=⎯⎯
At the surface of the Earth, ⎯⎯ has a magnitude of 2=9.81ms−2, where is the radius of the Earth.
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