Final answer:
The liver's two major functions are the production of bile, which aids in fat digestion and absorption, and the regulation of blood sugar levels by managing glucose storage and release. It also stores nutrients, synthesizes proteins, and eliminates waste and toxins.
Step-by-step explanation:
The liver is a vital organ with a myriad of roles in the human body, and it contributes significantly to overall metabolism and detoxification. One of the primary functions of the liver is the production of bile, a substance that helps in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Additionally, the liver plays a critical role in regulating blood sugar levels by storing and releasing glucose as needed, through processes such as gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Furthermore, the liver stores vital nutrients such as vitamins A, D, B12, and K, as well as the minerals iron and copper. It also synthesizes important proteins like albumin, which transports substances in the blood, and clotting factors, crucial for stopping bleeding. Moreover, it is responsible for the breakdown and elimination of waste products and toxins from the body, highlighting its importance in maintaining homeostasis.