Answer:
a. psychophysics
b. elementarism
c. structural psychology
d. vitalism
e. apperception
The CORRECT ANSWER IS d.
d. vitalism
Step-by-step explanation:
Vitamlism
Vitalism is the philosophical belief that life possesses a quality not in dependance on physical and chemical laws, for instance, an immaterial soul. It therefore is opposed to naturalism, the idea that only the natural world is in occurrence.
Vitalism forms the backgroynd for the modern spiritual concept of a "life force" or energy. This "force" has been thoroughly discredited by science, but vitalist opinion and belief linger in religious settings, and is wholly credited by many religious traditions, such as the fundamentalist Christianity and the New Age movement. It can also be seen to be of high value on alternative medicine and different forms of pseudoscience.