Question

Complete the following vocabulary exercise related to the process of translation of mRNA to protein by the ribosome. Match the words in the left-hand column with the appropriate blank in the sentences in the right-hand column.

Answer 1

1. Initiation of translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA.

The translation of mRNA to protein takes three steps.Initiation, Elongation and Termination. Initiation happens at the start codons(AUG) of the mRNA

2. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is called a tRNA.

tRNA with an anti-codon (UAC) matches with codon (AUG)

3. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

It is also called tRNA synthase and functions to attach the appropriate amino acid to its tRNA.

4. Termination of translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA.

Peptidyl transferase will add a water molecule at the carboxyl end subsequently the new protein will be released.

5. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is called translation.

the main functions of the ribosome in a cell is protein synthesis