Answer:
a) The population is all people who exercise regularly; population parameters are test scores for all, categorized by whether or not each individual was given a suggestion.
b) The sample is the 98 studied; the sample statistic is the test scores for the 98 studied, categorized by whether or not each individual was given a suggestion.
c) Experiment
Explanation:
Rewriting for the sake of clarity
98 people who exercise regularly were given cognitive tests. It was discovered that those participants who were given a suggestion, their exercise habits might affect their performance on the test actually did worse on the test.
a. identify the population and the population parameter of interest,
In Statistics, Population is a Set under scrutiny.
The Parameter of a Population is any descriptive measure that helps to draw the Distribution curve. So in this case, it is fair to say that:
The population is all people who exercise regularly; population parameters are test scores for all, categorized by whether or not each individual was given a suggestion.
b. describe the sample and sample statistic for the study,
The sample is any subset within the Population.
The sample statistic might be any to measure in this case, the suggestion and see if there is any correlation between them and the results in what extent, etc. to deeper analyze it.
Then:
The sample is the 98 studied; the sample statistic is the test scores for the 98 studied, categorized by whether or not each individual was given a suggestion.
c. identify the type of study.
The statistical study here is an experiment since the 98 people were undergone to cognitive tests then their results were scrutinized.