Answer:
In 1867, the Reconstruction of the southern states of the country began, that is, the reorganization of management in order to break the resistance of slaveholders. Representatives of the southern states were expelled from Congress. The south was divided into five military districts, led by generals of the federal army. Then, with the assistance of the army, the black militia, and the Republican Party organizations, preparations were made for the elections. For the first time in history, Blacks in the South received voting rights. At the same time, about 100 thousand former participants in the rebellion were deprived of suffrage.
By mid-1868, eight of the eleven southern states had elected legislative assemblies and new state governments formed. In Texas, Mississippi, and Virginia, the resistance of former slave owners was especially strong; new governments formed there only by the beginning of the 1870 State Constitution, worked out by specially convened conventions, included the 13th and 14th amendments to the US Constitution, which prohibited slavery and granted political rights to former slaves.
In some states, the number of blacks in the lower houses has reached half their composition. In three states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana), Blacks became vice-governors. Between 1869-1876, 14 blacks were members of Congress and two senators.
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