Question

The rate of a reaction or how quickly a reaction will proceed is best determined by?

Answer 1

The rate of a reaction is determined by measuring the time dependence of a property related to reactant or product amounts. Experimental methods such as measuring volume or pressure changes, light absorption, or conductivity can be used to determine reaction rates. The method of initial rates and graphical procedures can be used to determine reaction orders and find the instantaneous rate of a reaction.

Step-by-step explanation:

The rate of reaction is determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates can be measured by changes in volume or pressure for gaseous reactions, light absorption for reactions involving colored substances, and changes in conductivity for reactions involving aqueous electrolytes.

One common experimental approach to determine rate laws is the method of initial rates, which involves measuring reaction rates for multiple trials using different initial reactant concentrations. By comparing the measured rates, the reaction orders and rate constant can be determined. The instantaneous rate of a reaction can be determined by measuring concentration changes over very short time intervals or by using a graphical procedure that involves finding the slope of a tangent line to a concentration-time plot.

Answer 2

Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)

Step-by-step explanation:

Gibbs Free Energy (G) - Is the energy associated with a chemical reaction that can be used to do useful work. The free energy of a system is the sum of its enthalpy (H) minus the product of the temperature (Kelvin) and the entropy (S) of the system:

G = H -TS--------------------------------------------------------- (1)

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS----------------------------------------------(2)

ΔG = Negative, means the reaction is spontaneous

ΔG = Positive, means the reaction is slow

ΔG = Zero, means the reaction is in equilibrium