Answer:
1) 10.0 moles of NO
2) 25 moles of NaCl
3) 1200 moles of CO2
4) 1.03 moles of MgO
5) 0.72 moles H2
6) 1041.15 grams BaCl2
7) 9.55 grams MgO
8) 45.5 grams Au
9 )14.93 grams AlCl3
Step-by-step explanation:
1. How many moles of nitrogen monoxide can be made using 5.0 moles of oxygen in the following composition reaction?
N2 + O2 → 2NO
For 1 mol N2 we need 1 mol O2 to produce 2 moles of NO
For 5.0 moles of N2 we need 5.0 moles of O2 to produce 10.0 moles of NO
2. The neutralization of an acid with a base is a double replacement reaction in which a salt and water are formed. If you start with 25 moles of HCl and neutralize it with NaOH how many moles of NaCl will be formed?
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
For 1 mol HCl we need 1 mol NaOH to produce 1 mol of NaCl and 1 mol H2O
For 25 moles of HCl we need 25 moles of NaOH to produce 25 moles of NaCl and 25 moles of H2O
3. A car burns gasoline (octane – C8H18) with oxygen. If you drive to Salt Lake and burn 150 moles of octane how many moles of carbon dioxide are you producing?
2C8H18 + 25O2 → 16CO2 + 18H2O
For 2 moles of octane we need 25 moles of O2 to produce 16 moles of CO2 and 18 moles of H2O
For 150 moles of octane we need 25*75 = 1875 moles of O2
To produce 16*75 = 1200 moles of CO2 and 18*75= 1350 moles
4. If 25 gram of magnesium combines with oxygen in a composition reaction, how many moles of magnesium oxide will be formed?
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
Moles of Mg = 25.0 g/24.3 g/mol = 1.03 moles
For 2 moles Mg we need 1 mol O2 to produce 2 moles MgO
For 1.03 moles Mg we'll have 1.03 moles of MgO
5. . Lithium reacts with water in a single replacement reaction. How many moles of hydrogen gas a produced by 10 grams of lithium?
2Li + 2H2O → 2LiOH + H2
Moles Li = 10.0 grams/ 6.94 g/mol = 1.44 moles
For 2 moles Li we need 2 mole H2O to produce 2 moles LiOH and 1 mol H2
For 1.44 moles Li we need 1.44 moles H2O to produce 1.44 moles H2O and 0.72 moles H2
6. Barium chloride reacts with sodium sulfate in a double replacement reaction. How many grams of barium chloride are required to react with 5 moles of sodium sulfate?
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
For 1 mol of BaCl2 we need 1 mol of Na2SO4 to produce 1 mol of BaSO4 and 2 moles NaCl
For 5 moles Na2SO4 we need 5 moles BaCl2
mass BaCl2 = 5 moles * 208.23 g/mol = 1041.15 grams BaCl2
7. Magnesium carbonate when heated decomposes to form magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide. How many grams of magnesium oxide will be formed if 20 grams of magnesium carbonate are heated?
MgCO3 → MgO + CO2
Moles MgCO3 = 20.0 grams / 84.31 g/mol
Moles MgCO3 = 0.237 moles
For 1 mol MgCO3 we'll have 1 mol MgO and 1 mol CO2
For 0.237 moles MgCO3 we'll have 0.237 moles MgO and 0.237 moles CO2
Mass MgO = 0.237 moles * 40.30 g/mol = 9.55 grams MgO
8. If 70 grams of gold III chloride decomposes into its elements, how many grams of gold will be produced?
2AuCl3 → 2Au + 3Cl2
Moles AuCl3 = 70 grams / 303.33 g/mol = 0.231 moles
For 2 moles AuCl3 we'll have 2 moles gold and 3 moles Cl2
For 0.231 moles AuCl3 we'll have 0.231 moles gold
Mass of gold = 0.231 moles * 196.97 g/mol = 45.5 grams Au
9. Chlorine is more reactive element than bromine, thus chlorine will replace bromine in compound through a single replacement reaction. If 30 grams of aluminum bromide react with chlorine in this fashion how many grams of aluminum chloride will be formed?
2AlBr3 + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Br2
Moles AlBr3 = 30 g /266.69 g/mol = 0.112 moles
For 2 moles AlBr2 we need 3 moles Cl2 to produce 2 moles AlCl3 and 3 moles Br2
For 0.112 moles AlBr3 we need 3/2 * 0.112 = 0.168 moles of Cl2
To produce 0.112 moles of AlCl3 and 0.168 moles of Br2
Mass AlCl3 = 0.112 moles * 133.34 g/mol = 14.93 grams AlCl3