The two environments of formation shown on the diagram are continental and oceanic crust.
Continental crust, typically thicker and less dense, undergoes various geological processes over millions of years, including sedimentation, erosion, and tectonic interactions, shaping the landscape with diverse features such as mountains, valleys, and plains. The continental crust is also characterized by a wide range of rock types, reflecting the complex geological history of each region.
On the other hand, oceanic crust, forming along mid-ocean ridges, is relatively younger and thinner. It is continually renewed through volcanic activity, creating a dynamic and constantly changing ocean floor. Oceanic crust is dominated by basaltic rocks, reflecting the composition of the magma that solidifies beneath the oceanic ridges. The distinctive characteristics of oceanic crust contribute to the unique topography of the seafloor, including features like abyssal plains, mid-ocean ridges, and deep-sea trenches.