Final answer:
The statement that Gabe and Mr. Schwartz are comparing their respective views on what constitutes fairness is true. Their conflict represents a clash of perspectives, influenced by their individual understanding and socialization about justice and fairness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Perspectives in a Classroom Scenario
The question posed involves a disagreement between a student, Gabe, and his teacher, Mr. Schwartz, regarding the fairness of not allowing a make-up lab. The true statement among the options given is D. Gabe and Mr. Schwartz are comparing what fairness means to them. This is because fairness is subjective and can differ from one person to another based on their perspectives and socialization. The concept of fairness is influenced by a range of factors including social norms, personal values, and the context in which a decision is made. Gilligan's theory suggests that there are different norms of justice serving different purposes, and that these can be influenced by one's socialization, such as the differences in socializing boys for work environments and girls for home environments.
When examining the classroom scenario with Gabe and Mr. Schwartz, it is an illustration of differing perspectives. Gabe believes the policy is unfair because it does not allow for make-up work, while Mr. Schwartz likely believes that his rule is fair because it applies equally to all students and ensures the smooth operation of his classroom, much like the work environment referred to by Gilligan.