Question

1. Students need to describe how genetic traits are determined by information encoded in

DNA passed on from parent to offspring.

Answer 1

One copy is inherited from their mother (via the egg) and the other from their father (via the sperm). A sperm and an egg each contain one set of 23 chromosomes. When the sperm fertilises the egg, two copies of each chromosome are present (and therefore two copies of each gene), and so an embryo forms.

Step-by-step explanation: