Question

Which of the following is an example of independent events?

A. Getting tails from a coin toss and drawing a king from a standard
deck of cards.
B. Drawing a queen from a standard deck of cards and then drawing
an ace without replacing the queen.
C. Two people are drawn successively without replacement from a
group of 20 to represent the group.
D. Selecting a bead from a bag of 6 different colored beads and then
selecting a second bead without putting the first back.

Answer 1

A. Getting tails from a coin toss and drawing a king from a standard

deck of cards.

Explanation:

In probability, independent events are two events that do not affect the outcome of the other. In the first option, whether or not tails is flipped in no way changes the likelihood of a king being drawn. So it is independent because each event can be performed independently of the other.

However, all of the other options are "without replacement". This is a common term used to describe dependent events because since the item is not being replaced, the sample size is changed. This changes the probability of the next outcome. They are called dependent events because the second event depends on the first.