Question

(1) machines

took over more and more of the
(2) labor
in the mid-1800s. Because of this,
(3) factories
were able to produce more goods.
Working conditions for (4)
became much
worse. They had to work longer hours. Many workers got
hurt on the job because they were tired. Also, the machines
had movina (5)
with no shields for
had moving (5
(6)
The factories were hot in the summer
and cold in the winter. Children had to work under the same
conditions because there were no (7)
to try
Workers began organizing into (8)
to get factory owners to make the working conditions better.
They thought that they would have more power in groups.
They held (9)
to put pressure on their
(10)
In the early 1800s, it was
11)
to strike. Finally, in 1842, the
government of Massachusetts gave workers the
(12)
to strike.
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Although slavery was mostly gone in the North, African
Americans did not have equal rights with whites. There was
racial (13)
and (14)
African Americans could not (15)
and they
had to attend their own (16)
schools.
However, there were some successful African American
businessmen. (17)
co-founded a newspaper,
and (18)
became the first licensed African
American lawyer.
Women also faced discrimination. They were paid less than
male employees and could not join unions. In 1845 Sarah G.
Bagley founded an organization for female laborers. They
(19)
for a 10-hour workday. Because they
were (20)
no one paid them any attention.

Answer 1

The Industrial Revolution led to worsening conditions for workers, who faced long hours, dangerous work environments, and poor wages. Labor unions like the National Labor Union and Knights of Labor emerged to fight for workers' rights, laying the foundation for the future labor movement.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Impact of Industrialization on Workers and Labor Movements

After the War of 1812, the industrial revolution ushered in a new era for American labor. As industrialization and mechanization expanded, traditional handiwork by skilled artisans gave way to factory production dominated by unskilled laborers. The conditions in these factories were often harsh and dangerous, with long working hours, poor safety measures, and deplorable living wages. Incidents of injury and exploitation were rampant, and with the lack of adequate social welfare systems, workers and their families faced grim prospects.

To combat these conditions, workers began to organize themselves, forming early labor unions that fought for better rights and safer working environments. These organizations engaged in political advocacy and sought to work collectively with factory owners to improve conditions. Notable labor groups, such as the National Labor Union and the Knights of Labor, emerged but faced challenges, including public backlash and the collapse of their movements due to violent strikes. Despite setbacks, labor movements laid the groundwork for subsequent organizations and set the stage for future advancements in workers' rights.

Answer 2

subject?

Step-by-step explanation: