Answer:
E. raises; lowers
Step-by-step explanation:
Taxation can be defined as the involuntary or compulsory fees levied on individuals or business entities by the government to generate revenues used for funding public institutions and activities.
The different types of tax include the following;
1. Sales tax: a tax that is a percent of the price of goods sold in retail stores. It is being paid by the consumers (buyers) of finished goods and services and then, transfered to the appropriate authorities by the seller.
2. Property tax: a tax based on the value of a person's home or business. It is mainly taxed on physical assets or properties such as land, building, cars, business, etc.
3. Income tax: a tax on the money made by workers in the state. This type of tax is paid by employees with respect to the amount of money they receive as their wages or salary.
Generally, increasing the income tax rate raises the before tax real wage rate and lowers the after tax real wage rate because the individual's gross pay hasn't been deducted of any tax.