Question

A music fan at a swimming pool is listening to a radio on a diving platform. The radio is playing a constant- frequency tone when this fellow, clutching his radio, jumps off. Describe the Doppler Effect heard by (a) a person left behind on the platform and (b) a person down below floating on a rubber raft. In each case, specify (1) whether the frequency is greater or smaller than the frequency produced by the radio, (2) whether the observed frequency is constant, and (3) how the observed frequency changes during the fall, if it does change. Give your reasoning.

Answer 1

The Doppler Effect is given by the following relation;

`f' = \left ((v + v_0)/(v - v_s) \right) * f`

Where;

f' = The frequency the observer hears

f = Actual frequency of the wave

v = The velocity of the sound wave

`v_o` = The velocity of the observer

`v_s` = The velocity of the source

Where the observer is stationary, we have;

(i) When the source is moving in the direction of the observer

`f' = \left ((v )/(v - v_s) \right) * f`

(ii) When the source is receding from the observer, we have;

`f' = \left ((v )/(v + v_s) \right) * f`

Therefore;

(a) A person left behind on the platform

For a person left behind on the platform, we have that the radio source is receding, therefore, we have;

`f' = \left ((v )/(v + v_s) \right) * f`

(1) Given that (v +
`v_s`) > v, therefore, v < (v +
`v_s`), f' < f, the frequency heard by the person left on the platform, f', is smaller (lower) than the frequency produced by the radio

(2) The frequency is not constant as the speed of the source is increasing while it under the acceleration due to gravity

(3) During the fall, the speed of the source continuously increases under the effect of gravitational attraction and therefore the frequency heard by the person on the platform becomes progressively smaller

(b) A person down below floating on a rubber raft

For the the person down below on the rubber raft, the radio source is advancing

Therefore, the radio source is moving towards the person at rest down on the rubber raft, therefore, we have;

`f' = \left ((v )/(v - v_s) \right) * f`

(1) Given that (v -
`v_s`) < v, therefore, f' > f, the frequency heard by the person down below floating on the rubber raft, f', is greater (higher) than the frequency produced by the radio

(2) The frequency is not constant as the speed of the source is increasing while it under the acceleration due to gravity

(3) During the fall, the speed of the source continuously increases under the effect of gravitational attraction and therefore the frequency heard by the person on the platform becomes progressively greater (higher)

Step-by-step explanation: