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which Confucian thinker was the first human nature is inclined towards goodness as surely as water is inclined to flow downhill

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Answer: Mencius

Step-by-step explanation:

Mencius was a Confucian scholar who believed that humans were inherently good and so their actions would tend towards good actions that were meant to help others.

Another scholar, Gaozi, disagreed and this is what drew Mencius to say that human nature is inclined to good actions the same way water is inclined to flow downhill.

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