Part A)
Human insulin and horse insulin are two different forms of the hormone insulin, which is produced by the pancreas and plays a key role in regulating blood sugar levels in the body. Human insulin is identical to the insulin produced naturally by the human body, while horse insulin is a slightly different form of the hormone that is extracted from the pancreas of horses.
A comparison of the sequences of human insulin and horse insulin reveals some key differences between the two forms of the hormone. Human insulin is made up of two chains of amino acids, designated A and B, which are joined together by disulfide bonds. The sequence of amino acids in the A chain is identical in all forms of human insulin, while the sequence of amino acids in the B chain varies slightly depending on the type of insulin.
In contrast, horse insulin is made up of a single chain of amino acids, rather than two separate chains like human insulin. The sequence of amino acids in horse insulin is also slightly different from that of human insulin. In particular, there are some amino acid substitutions in horse insulin that are not found in human insulin.
Part B)
Overall, human insulin and horse insulin are two different forms of the hormone insulin, and they have some distinct differences in their sequences of amino acids. Human insulin is made up of two chains of amino acids, while horse insulin is made up of a single chain, and the sequences of amino acids in the two forms of insulin are slightly different. These differences may affect the way that human insulin and horse insulin interact with the body, and they may be important for understanding the potential therapeutic uses of these hormones.