Final answer:
Phytochemicals, including phytosterols, are known for inducing apoptosis in cancer cells and altering cholesterol absorption and metabolism. These roles are significant for potential cancer prevention and heart health management.
Step-by-step explanation:
Phytochemicals, which include phytosterols, have been associated with functions critical to human health. They play a role in stimulating spontaneous cell death in cancer cells, also known as apoptosis, which can protect against cancer development. Additionally, they can alter the absorption, production, and metabolism of cholesterol, contributing to the management of cholesterol levels and potentially reducing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts are rich in phytochemicals such as glucosinolates, indoles, and isothiocyanates. These substances have been found to inhibit tumor development in animal studies and are under active research for similar effects in humans. Furthermore, compounds like sitosterol can block the absorption of dietary cholesterol, which may be beneficial for heart health.